Kenaikan Cukai Buat Andil Rokok Terhadap Inflasi Tinggi

Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) mengungkapkan komoditas rokok masih sebagai penyumbang inflasi. Salah satunya tingkat inflasi pada bulan September 2023 yang sebesar 0,19 persen di mana andil komoditas rokok sebesar 0,0107 persen.

Sedangkan, komoditas rokok memberikan andil sebesar 0,2912% terhadap inflasi umum yakni 2,28%.
Andil rokok dan tembakau terhadap inflasi bulanan tertinggi terjadi di Kota Kendari dengan andil sebesar 0,2484% dari inflasi umum sebesar 0,38%.

Pelaksana Tugas (Plt) Kepala BPS Amalia Adininggar Widyasanti mengungkapkan bahwa rokok merupakan komoditas yang masuk dalam lima komponen teratas penghitungan Indeks Harga Konsumen atau inflasi. Besarnya konsumsi rokok, dalam hal ini kata Amalia, akan berdampak pada relatif besarnya andil rokok terhadap penghitungan inflasi.

“Akibatnya, perubahan harga rokok akan berpengaruh cukup signifikan terhadap tingkat inflasi secara umum,” ujar Amalia yang dikutip, Selasa (31/10/2023).

Besar kecilnya pengaruh rokok terhadap inflasi di suatu daerah dipengaruhi di antaranya oleh tingkat konsumsi rokok penduduk di daerah. Tingkat konsumsi ini yang lantas membedakan bobot tingkat konsumsi rokok pada penghitungan inflasi di tiap daerah.

Sehingga, Amalia mengungkapkan, dampak kenaikan rokok terhadap inflasi di masing-masing daerah memang dapat berbeda-beda, tergantung perbedaan bobot pada setiap wilayah.

Ia juga menjelaskan, dampak kenaikan cukai rokok terhadap inflasi baru bisa diketahui setelah kebijakan tersebut diimplementasikan dan BPS mengumpulkan data perubahan harga di tingkat konsumen.

“Secara historis transmisi kenaikan harga rokok sebagai akibat kenaikan cukai terhadap inflasi terjadi secara gradual,” jelas Amalia.

Sementara, Ketua Gabungan Produsen Rokok Putih Indonesia (GAPRINDO) Benny Wachjudi membenarkan bahwa kenaikan cukai rokok yang tinggi pada 2023 dapat memicu inflasi. “Itulah sebabnya kami mengusulkan agar kenaikan cukai rokok tidak terlalu tinggi,” imbuh dia.

Dia menerangkan, kondisi industri yang masih belum pulih membuat kenaikan cukai menjadi tidak efektif sebagai instrumen penerimaan negara. Kenaikan cukai yang tinggi justru menekan kinerja industri yang tadinya perlahan sedang membaik.

Sebagai informasi, kenaikan CHT pada tahun 2023 ditetapkan sebesar rata-rata 10%. Kini, pemerintah telah kembali berencana menaikkan cukai rokok dengan besaran yang sama untuk tahun 2024, berdasarkan pada Peraturan Menteri Keuangan Nomor 191/PMK.010/2022 Tentang Perubahan Kedua Atas Peraturan Menteri Keuangan Nomor 192/PMK.010/2021 Tentang Tarif Cukai Hasil Tembakau Berupa Sigaret, Cerutu, Rokok Daun Atau Klobot, dan Tembakau Iris.

“Di samping itu kenaikan yg terlalu tinggi akan mengakibatkan meningkatnya peredaran rokok ilegal,” pungkas dia.

Sebelumnya, Benny mengatakan GAPRINDO telah berulang kali menyampaikan kepada pemerintah agar kenaikan cukai hendaknya disesuaikan dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan inflasi. Menurutnya, persentase kenaikan tarif cukai rokok dalam beberapa tahun terakhir melampaui angka inflasi dan pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional. Kenaikan tersebut juga sudah jauh melebihi daya tahan industri rokok nasional.

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