Dilihat sekilas, penampilan buah ini mirip cabe hijau besar atau sayur oyong yang memiliki bulu-bulu halus di permukaan kulitnya. Meski begitu, nyatanya okra atau okro tidak termasuk keluarga sayur. Okra bukan sayur karena memiliki biji-bijian di dalamnya.
Okra adalah buah polong-polongan berbentuk kapsul yang dihasilkan dari tanaman berbunga bernama Abelmoschus esculentus. Okro dilapisi bulu karena sebetulnya masih termasuk ke dalam keluarga perdu atau kapas-kapasan (Malvaceae). Tanaman induk okra masih bersaudara dengan pohon kapuk randu, pohon cokelat (kakao), tembakau, serta bunga kembang sepatu.
Habitat asli okro masih diperdebatkan sampai saat ini. Banyak sejarawan dan ahli tanaman yang berpendapat bahwa tanaman A. esculentus pertama kali ditemukan di sekitar pantai Laut Mediterania, Arab Saudi, dan Mesir pada tahun 1216. Seiring waktu, buah polong berbulu ini dibudidayakan sampai ke Afrika Barat, Asia Selatan, Kepulauan Karibia, dan Amerika Utara.
Di negara-negara berbahasa Inggris, okra punya nama lain lady’s finger karena bentuknya lentik mirip jari-jari tangan wanita. Di Indonesia sendiri, kadang “sayuran” hijau ini disebut bendi. Sayur bendi sebenarnya ada yang berwarna merah dan hijau. Akan tetapi, bendi berwarna hijaulah yang paling sering diolah dan mudah ditemui di pasaran.
Menurut National Nutrient Database dari Kementerian Pertanian Amerika Serikat (USDA), nutrisi per 100 gram (gr) okra meliputi 33 kalori, hampir 8 gr karbohidrat, sekitar 2 gram protein, dan 3,2 gram serat.
Sayur bendi juga diperkaya oleh sejumlah mikronutrien penting, seperti:
Lanjutkan Membaca
- 36 mikrogram (mcg) vitamin A
- 0.215 miligram (mg) vitamin B6
- 23 mg vitamin C
- 31.3 mg vitamin K
- 200 mg kalium
- 7 mg natrium
- 57 mg magnesium
- 82 mg kalsium
- 60 mcg folat
- Sejumlah kecil zat besi, fosfor, dan tembaga.
Menariknya lagi, okra termasuk sumber makanan nabati yang kaya antioksidan, termasuk katekin oligomer, turunan flavonoid, dan fenolik. Ketiganya memiliki sifat antimikroba dan antiradang yang baik.
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